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Bolivia and Venezuela: the democratic dialectic in new revolutionary movements

DeVry University, Chicago

The beginning of the twenty-first century has witnessed the rise of exciting new revolutionary movements against capitalist globalisation. They are characterised, in Latin America particularly, by qualitatively different strategies from the socialist movements of the last century. Rather than vanguard parties leading a Leninist insurrection or Maoist people's war, these movements are building broad social blocs in a Gramscian war of position and manoeuvre. It is suggested here that these movements are best viewed from the standpoint of a democratic dialectic linking together the roles of the state, the market and civil society. This recognises the need to build institutional power in each sector as well as the play of contradictions within and between each aspect of society. In what follows, an attempt is made to develop theory that can explain and contain the actual social practice of the new revolutionary struggles.

Key Words: Chavez • civil society • co-operatives • globalisation • Gramsci • market • state • water wars

Race & Class, Vol. 49, No. 1, 1-24 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0306396807080064


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